Lorsque Louis-Philippe devint roi, le titre de sa fille de dix-huit ans fut élevé à celui de Son Altesse Royale la princesse Louise-Marie d'Orléans. La princesse fut élevée avec son frère aîné Ferdinand, duc d'Orléans, ainsi qu'avec huit frères et sœurs plus jeunes : la princesse Marie, Louis, duc de Nemours, la princesse Françoise (morte à deux ans), la princesse Clémentine, François, prince de Joinville, Charles, duc de Penthièvre (mort à huit ans), Henri, duc d'Aumale et Antoine, duc de Montpensier. Tous les enfants survivants de Louis-Philippe et de Marie-Amélie des Français contractèrent des alliances matrimoniales brillantes.
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Princess Louise-Marie was the first of her siblings to marry. On 9 August 1832, the princess was wed to King Léopold I of the Belgians (1790-1865; né Saxe-Coburg and Gotha). Léopold had been elected as king of the Belgians the year prior to his second marriage. His first wife, Princess Charlotte of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, was the only child of the eventual King George IV and his wife Duchess Caroline of Braunschweig. Léopold and Charlotte married in 1816 in what was a mutually happy coupling for the pair; however, their joy was short-lived as Charlotte died in 1817 on the same day that she was delivered of a stillborn son. The death of Charlotte triggered a succession crisis in the Hanoverians of Great Britain, and led to the late princess’ numerous elderly uncles rushing into unions with eligible (and younger) princesses in order to produce an heir to secure the future of the dynasty.
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By virtue of her marriage, Louise-Marie became the first Queen of the Belgians. She and King Léopold quickly set about establishing a family. Their first child, a son and heir, was born on 24 July 1833. He was named Louis Philippe Léopold Victor Ernest after his maternal grandfather, his father, and his cousin Queen Victoria. At his birth, Louis Philippe automatically became Crown Prince of Belgium. Sadly, the infant boy passed away due to an inflammation of his mucous membranes on 16 May 1834, two months before he would have celebrated his first birthday.
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The second child of King Léopold and Queen Louise-Marie entered the world on 9 April 1835. Owing to the death of his older brother the previous year, Prince Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor was first in the line of succession after his father, who he succeeded upon the death of Léopold I in 1865. King Léopold II married Archduchess Marie Henriette of Austria in 1853. As the couple’s only son, another Léopold, died at the age of nine in 1869, Léopold II and Marie Henriette do not count the current Royal House of Belgium amongst their descendants. The King and Queen went on to have three daughters, the Princesses Louise (1858-1924), Stéphanie (1864-1945), and Clémentine (1872-1955). Princess Louise married her cousin Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in a union which ended in divorce after the birth of two children. Princess Stéphanie married the ill-fated Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, with whom she had a daughter, before Rudolf committed suicide with his mistress in 1889 at Mayerling. Only the youngest daughter of the king, Clémentine, found a “happy ever after” with her choice of husband. The princess had fallen in love with Prince Victor Napoléon during her father’s reign. However, Léopold II forbid the union on the grounds that it would offend the French Republic. Clémentine’s devotion to her Victor stood the test of time, and after her father died in 1909, the princess secured the approval of her cousin, King Albert I of the Belgians, for her marital plans. Princess Clémentine of Belgium and Prince Victor Napoléon married in 1910 and became the parents of two children, Marie-Clotilde and Louis.
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Léopold and Louise-Marie’s third child and third son, Philippe, was born on 24 March 1837. Titled the Count of Flanders, Prince Philippe married Princess Marie of Hohenzollern in 1867. Philippe and Marie had five children: Prince Baudouin (1869-1891), Princess Henriette (1870-1948), the short-lived Princess Joséphine (1870-1871), the long-lived Princess Joséphine (1872-1958), and Prince Albert (1875-1934). The Count of Flanders died in 1905 before his elder brother. Therefore, when Léopold II left his earthly frame in 1909, he was succeeded by his nephew, Albert. King Albert I of the Belgians had married Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria in 1900. Their descendants include the modern Belgian royal family and Luxembourgish grand ducal family.
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Le 7 juin 1840, naît la fille unique et dernier enfant du roi Léopold Ier et de son épouse. La princesse Marie- Charlotte Amélie Auguste Victoire Clémentine Léopoldine de Belgique est vouée à un avenir tragique. En 1857, Charlotte épouse l'archiduc Maximilien d'Autriche, frère cadet de l'empereur François-Joseph : le couple n'aura jamais d'enfants. Maximilien et Charlotte règnent en tant que dernier empereur et impératrice du Mexique entre 1864 et 1867, année où Maximilien est exécuté par les troupes de Benito Juarez. Souffrant déjà d'une santé mentale déclinante et se trouvant en Europe depuis 1876 pour chercher de l'aide pour son mari, l'impératrice Charlotte perd la raison lorsqu'elle apprend la fin brutale de son époux. Elle finit ses jours au château de Bouchout à Meise, en Belgique. Après une crise de pneumonie, l'impératrice douairière du Mexique décède à l'âge de 86 ans. Charlotte était le dernier enfant survivant du roi Léopold Ier et de la reine Louise-Marie des Belges.
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| La reine Louise-Marie des Belges (1812-1850) |
La reine Louise-Marie des Belges n'a jamais eu l'occasion de rencontrer ses petits-enfants. La reine décède à l'âge de trente-huit ans le 11 octobre 1850 à Ostende. Elle repose aux côtés de son époux dans la crypte royale de l'église Notre-Dame de Laeken.
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